#!/usr/bin/python2.6

"""
From a set of regions and two sets of intervals inside those regions
compute (for each region seperately) the overlap between the two sets
of intervals and the overlap in `nsamples` random coverings of the 
regions with intervals having the same lengths. Prints the z-score relative
to the mean and sample stdev of the random coverings.

Currently intervals must be in bed 3+ format.

TODO: There are a few versions of this floating around, including a 
      better/faster one using gap lists instead of bitsets. Need to track 
      that down and merge as neccesary.

usage: %prog bounding_region_file intervals1 intervals2 nsamples
"""

from __future__ import division 

import sys, random
import bisect
from bx_extras import stats
from Numeric import *
from bx.bitset import *
from bx.intervals.random import *

maxtries = 10

class MaxtriesException( Exception ):
    pass

def bit_clone( bits ):
    """
    Clone a bitset
    """
    new = BitSet( bits.size )
    new.ior( bits )
    return new

def throw_random( lengths, mask ):
    """
    Try multiple times to run 'throw_random'
    """
    saved = None
    for i in range( maxtries ):
        try:
            return throw_random_bits( lengths, mask )
        except MaxtriesException, e:
            saved = e
            continue
    raise e
    
def as_bits( region_start, region_length, intervals ):
    """
    Convert a set of intervals overlapping a region of a chromosome into 
    a bitset for just that region with the bits covered by the intervals 
    set.
    """
    bits = BitSet( region_length )
    for chr, start, stop in intervals:
        bits.set_range( start - region_start, stop - start )
    return bits

def interval_lengths( bits ):
    """
    Get the length distribution of all contiguous runs of set bits from
    """
    end = 0
    while 1:
        start = bits.next_set( end )
        if start == bits.size: break
        end = bits.next_clear( start )
        yield end - start

def count_overlap( bits1, bits2 ):
    """
    Count the number of bits that overlap between two sets
    """
    b = BitSet( bits1.size )
    b |= bits1
    b &= bits2
    return b.count_range( 0, b.size )
    
def overlapping_in_bed( fname, r_chr, r_start, r_stop ):
    """
    Get from a bed all intervals that overlap the region defined by
    r_chr, r_start, r_stop.
    """
    rval = []
    for line in open( fname ):
        if line.startswith( "#" ) or line.startswith( "track" ):
            continue
        fields = line.split()
        chr, start, stop = fields[0], int( fields[1] ), int( fields[2] )
        if chr == r_chr and start < r_stop and stop >= r_start:
            rval.append( ( chr, max( start, r_start ), min( stop, r_stop ) ) )
    return rval        

def main():
    region_fname = sys.argv[1]
    mask_fname = sys.argv[2]       
    nsamples = int( sys.argv[3] )
    intervals1_fname = sys.argv[4]       
    intervals2_fnames = sys.argv[5:]       
    nfeatures = len( intervals2_fnames )
    total_actual = zeros( nfeatures )
    # total_lengths1 = 0
    total_lengths2 = zeros( nfeatures )
    total_samples = zeros( ( nsamples, nfeatures ) )
    for line in open( region_fname ):
        # Load lengths for all intervals overlapping region
        fields = line.split()
        print >>sys.stderr, "Processing region:", fields[3]
        r_chr, r_start, r_stop = fields[0], int( fields[1] ), int( fields[2] )
        r_length = r_stop - r_start
        # Load the mask
        mask = overlapping_in_bed( mask_fname, r_chr, r_start, r_stop )
        bits_mask = as_bits( r_start, r_length, mask )
        bits_not_masked = bit_clone( bits_mask ); bits_not_masked.invert()
        # Load the first set
        intervals1 = overlapping_in_bed( intervals1_fname, r_chr, r_start, r_stop )
        bits1 = as_bits( r_start, r_length, intervals1 )
        # Intersect it with the mask 
        bits1.iand( bits_not_masked )
        # Sanity checks
        assert count_overlap( bits1, bits_mask ) == 0
        # For each data set
        for featnum, intervals2_fname in enumerate( intervals2_fnames ):
            print >>sys.stderr, intervals2_fname
            intervals2 = overlapping_in_bed( intervals2_fname, r_chr, r_start, r_stop )
            bits2 = as_bits( r_start, r_length, intervals2 )
            bits2.iand( bits_not_masked )
            assert count_overlap( bits2, bits_mask ) == 0
            # Observed values
            actual_overlap = count_overlap( bits1, bits2 )
            total_actual[featnum] += actual_overlap
            # Sample 
            lengths2 = list( interval_lengths( bits2 ) )
            total_lengths2[ featnum ] += sum( lengths2 )
            for i in range( nsamples ):
                # Build randomly covered bitmask for second set
                random2 = throw_random( lengths2, bits_mask )
                # Find intersection
                random2 &= bits1
                # Print amount intersecting
                total_samples[ i, featnum ] += random2.count_range( 0, random2.size )
                print >>sys.stderr, total_samples[ i, featnum ]
    fraction_overlap = total_samples / total_lengths2
    print "\t".join( intervals2_fnames )
    print "\t".join( map( str, total_actual/total_lengths2 ) )
    for row in fraction_overlap:
        print "\t".join( map( str, row ) )
    #print "total covered by first: %d, second: %d, overlap: %d" % ( total_lengths1, total_lengths2, total_actual )
    print "observed overlap: %d, sample mean: %d, sample stdev: %d" % ( total_actual, stats.amean( total_samples ), stats.asamplestdev( total_samples ) )
    print "z-score:", ( total_actual - stats.amean( total_samples ) ) / stats.asamplestdev( total_samples )
    print "percentile:", sum( total_actual > total_samples ) / nsamples
    
if __name__ == "__main__": 
    main()