root/galaxy-central/tools/unix_tools/awk_tool.xml

<tool id="cshl_awk_tool" name="awk">
  <description></description>
  <command interpreter="sh">awk_wrapper.sh $input $output '$file_data' '$FS' '$OFS'</command>
  <inputs>
    <param format="txt" name="input" type="data" label="File to process" />

    <param name="FS" type="select" label="Input field-separator">
        <option value=",">comma (,)</option>
        <option value=":">colons (:) </option>
        <option value=" ">single space</option>
        <option value=".">dot (.)</option>
        <option value="-">dash (-)</option>
        <option value="|">pipe (|)</option>
        <option value="_">underscore (_)</option>
        <option selected="True" value="tab">tab</option>
    </param>

    <param name="OFS" type="select" label="Output field-separator">
        <option value=",">comma (,)</option>
        <option value=":">colons (:)</option>
        <option value=" ">space ( )</option>
        <option value="-">dash (-)</option>
        <option value=".">dot (.)</option>
        <option value="|">pipe (|)</option>
        <option value="_">underscore (_)</option>
        <option selected="True" value="tab">tab</option>
    </param>


    <!-- Note: the parameter ane MUST BE 'url_paste' -
         This is a hack in the galaxy library (see ./lib/galaxy/util/__init__.py line 142)
         If the name is 'url_paste' the string won't be sanitized, and all the non-alphanumeric characters 
         will be passed to the shell script -->
    <param name="file_data" type="text" area="true" size="5x35" label="AWK Program" help=""> 
        <validator type="expression" message="Invalid Program!">value.find('\'')==-1</validator>
    </param>

  </inputs>
  <tests>
          <test>
                  <param name="input" value="unix_awk_input1.txt" />
                  <output name="output" file="unix_awk_output1.txt" />
                  <param name="FS" value="tab" />
                  <param name="OFS" value="tab" />
                  <param name="file_data"  value="$2>0.5 { print $2*9, $1 }" />
          </test>
  </tests>
  <outputs>
    <data format="input" name="output" metadata_source="input" />
  </outputs>
<help>

**What it does**

This tool runs the unix **awk** command on the selected data file.

.. class:: infomark

**TIP:** This tool uses the **extended regular** expression syntax (not the perl syntax).


**Further reading**

- Awk by Example (http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-awk1.html)
- Long AWK tutorial (http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Awk.html)
- Learn AWK in 1 hour (http://www.selectorweb.com/awk.html)
- awk cheat-sheet (http://cbi.med.harvard.edu/people/peshkin/sb302/awk_cheatsheets.pdf)
- Collection of useful awk one-liners (http://student.northpark.edu/pemente/awk/awk1line.txt)

-----

**AWK programs**

Most AWK programs consist of **patterns** (i.e. rules that match lines of text) and **actions** (i.e. commands to execute when a pattern matches a line).

The basic form of AWK program is::

    pattern { action 1; action 2; action 3; }





**Pattern Examples**

- **$2 == "chr3"**  will match lines whose second column is the string 'chr3'
- **$5-$4>23**  will match lines that after subtracting the value of the fourth column from the value of the fifth column, gives value alrger than 23.
- **/AG..AG/** will match lines that contain the regular expression **AG..AG** (meaning the characeters AG followed by any two characeters followed by AG). (This is the way to specify regular expressions on the entire line, similar to GREP.)
- **$7 ~ /A{4}U/**  will match lines whose seventh column contains 4 consecutive A's followed by a U. (This is the way to specify regular expressions on a specific field.)
- **10000 &lt; $4 &amp;&amp; $4 &lt; 20000** will match lines whose fourth column value is larger than 10,000 but smaller than 20,000
- If no pattern is specified, all lines match (meaning the **action** part will be executed on all lines).



**Action Examples**

- **{ print }** or **{ print $0 }**   will print the entire input line (the line that matched in **pattern**). **$0** is a special marker meaning 'the entire line'.
- **{ print $1, $4, $5 }** will print only the first, fourth and fifth fields of the input line.
- **{ print $4, $5-$4 }** will print the fourth column and the difference between the fifth and fourth column. (If the fourth column was start-position in the input file, and the fifth column was end-position - the output file will contain the start-position, and the length).
- If no action part is specified (not even the curly brackets) - the default action is to print the entire line.









**AWK's Regular Expression Syntax**

The select tool searches the data for lines containing or not containing a match to the given pattern. A Regular Expression is a pattern descibing a certain amount of text. 

- **( ) { } [ ] . * ? + \ ^ $** are all special characters. **\\** can be used to "escape" a special character, allowing that special character to be searched for.
- **^** matches the beginning of a string(but not an internal line).
- **(** .. **)** groups a particular pattern.
- **{** n or n, or n,m **}** specifies an expected number of repetitions of the preceding pattern.

  - **{n}** The preceding item is matched exactly n times.
  - **{n,}** The preceding item ismatched n or more times. 
  - **{n,m}** The preceding item is matched at least n times but not more than m times. 

- **[** ... **]** creates a character class. Within the brackets, single characters can be placed. A dash (-) may be used to indicate a range such as **a-z**.
- **.** Matches any single character except a newline.
- ***** The preceding item will be matched zero or more times.
- **?** The preceding item is optional and matched at most once.
- **+** The preceding item will be matched one or more times.
- **^** has two meaning:
  - matches the beginning of a line or string. 
  - indicates negation in a character class. For example, [^...] matches every character except the ones inside brackets.
- **$** matches the end of a line or string.
- **\|** Separates alternate possibilities. 


**Note**: AWK uses extended regular expression syntax, not Perl syntax. **\\d**, **\\w**, **\\s** etc. are **not** supported.

</help>
</tool>